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Document 0004
DOCN M9630004
TI [Pulmonary carcinoma nowadays: notes on epidemiology, primary
prevention, and therapeutic planning (editorial)]
DT 9603
AU Motta G
SO Ann Ital Chir. 1995 May-Jun;66(3):301-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96060479
AB Among the solid malignancies, lung cancer is today the most common
cancer in the world (850,000 new cases during 1990). Moreover, with an
estimated increase of about 5 percent a year, it now represents the
first cause of mortality for cancer in both sexes. The evidence of a
close relationship between lung cancer and cigarette smoking was first
pointed out by E. Graham in 1950. Since then, the responsibility of
active cigarette smoking in determining lung cancer as well as that of
nicotine causing addictiveness, have been assessed clearly. Nevertheless
primary prevention, mainly through the campaign against cigarette
smoking, has always faced great difficulties because it clashes with the
economic power and interests of tobacco companies. Moreover the
epidemiologic trends show a progressive increase of the disease with a
silent epidemic-like worldwide diffusion, in close similarity to AIDS.
So, more than 5 million new cases a year of lung cancer are expected to
appear at the beginning of 2000. The primary prevention against the
major factor of risk-the cigarette-is mainly based, in developed
countries, through the following official measures: i) a heavy taxation
on the finished goods; ii) the conversion of the tobacco growing to
other crops and iii) the package-based health information for all
tobacco products. On the other side, while waiting for new effective
chemoprevention methods, the need of getting a true early clinical
diagnosis of tumor is emphasised. Only by this means is it indeed
possible to improve the rate of cure through performing conventional
resections of those cancers which could be discovered in still limited
clinical stage. In the same time, a strong effort for radically
operating Stage III locally advanced cancers, is also attempted through
the newer tracheobronchoplastic procedures as well as the other over
extended resections done directly in the mediastinal area. The
neoadjuvant radio and/or chemotherapy combined treatments preceding
surgery are also of great clinical interest. Finally the active
palliative support aimed at improving the quality of life in patients
affected by incurable tumors, represents a fast developing clinical
project where a great ethical meaning is pre-eminent above all.
DE English Abstract Human *Lung
Neoplasms/EPIDEMIOLOGY/ETIOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL/ THERAPY Quality
of Life Risk Factors Smoking EDITORIAL REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).